History of baseball Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

History of baseball - Essay Example History informs that the first Chadwick’s encounter with baseball was in New York, in 1856 while still a young reporter on cricket. The specific incident happened while Chadwick was watching a cricket match between Gotham clubs and New York's Eagle. As a writer and a journalist, Chadwick focused the attention on baseball soon after joining Clipper, in 1857, another team from New York. He was thereafter hired to be providing other New York papers with baseball coverage; such papers included the Sunday Mercury. Chadwick, a professional writer and keen amateur statistician, assisted in the effort to sculpt the then public perception regarding the baseball game. He also provided the recording basis for the achievements of various players and teams; organized the baseball statistical form. Henry Chadwick made an edition of the pioneer baseball guide to be on public sale, The Beadle Baseball Player.3 He also edited the Reach and Spalding annual guides within a few years’ span ; he thus promoted the baseball game in this very capacity. He also influenced the then-infant manner regarding sports journalism. Additionally, he served with the baseball committee of rules, as well as he influenced the baseball game itself. In the guide Beadle guide, of 1861, Chadwick recorded the respective totals of all baseball games played, runs, outs, strikeouts for hitters upon prominent clubs, home runs, and strikeouts; this was the initial database of its sort. Henry Chadwick’s goal was to generate numerical evidence which would give prove of the help given by each player in hurting another team in order to win. In 1867, Chadwick accompanied the Washington D.C.’s National base Ball Club during their major inaugural national tour; he joined the tour as an official scorer. In 1874, he was a key figure in organizing a tour to England; of the same kind, including both the baseball and cricket games. In his journalism role, Chadwick campaigned against every detri mental effect on the games of gambling and alcohol. Although Chadwick and Albert Spalding were friends, Chadwick rose against the attempts of having Abner Doubleday declared as the baseball’s inventor. Chadwick is quoted to have stated, "He means well"; he continued -"but he don't know". Chadwick was awarded with baseball box score devised awards (with the cricket’s scorecard adaptation) in reporting baseball game events. The first score, in this regard, was a nine columns and nine rows grid for players and innings respectively. The initial box scores created the usual puzzling strikeout abbreviation, with "K" - "K" taking the "struck" in "struck out" final initials. The box score’s structure as well as the basic has indicated just a little change since the Chadwick’s earliest. Henry Chadwick is additionally credited with awards including statistical measures such earned run average and batting average. Ironically, the concept of ERA did not originate fro m the goal used in measuring the worth of pitcher, rather to help in differentiating the runs made through the batting hits (skill) and lack (deficiency) of fielding errors (skill). Chadwick is as well

Ethical Considerations in Business Decisions and Operations Essay

Ethical Considerations in Business Decisions and Operations - Essay Example Liberation of the financial services sector in the USA in the late 1990s translated to the freedom of financial institutions to offer a wide range of financial services to clients. Banks are allowed by the Securities and Exchange Commission to offer securities as they deem okay to their clients where it is the major financial players who usually benefit. The advantages of such a scenario are that it is good for the banks which are businesses just like any other hence interested in maximizing income. Banks also argue that distributing securities to established investors as opposed to small ones is a sure way of raising the much-needed publicity for small firms launching in an IPO. This happened between WordCom’s Mr. Ebbers and Salomon Barney through Mr. Grubman - an underwriter who enabled Mr. Ebbers to make $11 million in four years from IPOs (Romar, 2006). Ethical concerns, however, arise in cases involving very close relationships with financial institutions, analysts, and i nvestors. A case in point is the close relationship between Mr. Ebbers and Mr. Grubman which resulted in high rankings for WorldCom even when its stocks were actually falling. In the end, there was a misrepresentation of information to shareholders that kept them in the dark about changing fortunes (WorldCom's stocks had fallen by nearly 90% by the time Mr. Grubman came clean) finally leading to losses when WorldCom went bankrupt (Gini and Marcoux, 2008).... This was only sustainable through continued acquisitions hence when the government denied WordCom the permission to acquire Sprint in 2000 the management had to focus on raising value of the previous acquisitions which would be accompanied by fall in share value. In 2002, WordCom filed for bankruptcy admitting to financial adjustments of operating expenses as capital expenses to a tune of $9 billion in three years (Moberg and Romar, 2003). The situation at WordCom reveals a need to protect shareholders from bearing losses since they are the ultimate losers in the scenario where a company files for bankruptcy. The suggested protection needs only transparency and accountability in acquisition alongside ensuring that the GAAPs are strictly adhered to. This can be achieved through undertaking proper audits of acquisition processes since wholesome shelving of acquisition is waste of an opportunity for growth. Ethical Considerations when Banking Firms offer Special Clients Privilege in â⠂¬Å"Hot† IPO Auctions Liberation of financial services sector in the USA in the late 1990s translated to the freedom of financial institutions to offer a wide range of financial services to clients. Banks are allowed by the Securities and Exchange Commission to offer securities as they deem okay to their clients where it is the major financial players who usually benefit. The advantages of such a scenario is that it is good for the banks which are businesses just like any other hence interested in maximizing income. Banks also argue that distributing securities to established investors as opposed to small ones is a sure way of raising the much needed publicity for small firms launching in an IPO. This happened